-s / -es endings and -ed endings

–Present Simple -s / -es  endings and Final -s / -es endings :

The third person present simple form ends in -s / -es. There are three different ways to pronounce it : /iz/, /z/ and /s/.

The final -s / -es is always pronounced in English :

• /iz/ after the following sounds  /ʃ/    /z/    /s/     /ʧ/       /ʤ/     /ʒ/                                 Examples : measure, push, study, use, watch                                                                                                  candies, churches, dresses, fridges, garages, glasses 
• /z/ after “voiced” sounds (except   /z/  /ʤ/ /ʒ/)                                                              Examples : do, feel, go, have, live, love, open, phone, show, stay                                                                 beds, cupboards, dogs, ours, theirs, wardrobes 
• /s/ after “unvoiced” sounds (except   /ʃ/  /s/  /ʧ/)                                                             Examples : chat, eat, get, laugh, like, start, talk                                                                                                cats, caps, months, parents, roofs, Jack´s, Pat´s   

*voiced sounds = there is vibration   /ʒ/    /g/      /b/       /v/     /z/     /d/    /ʤ/    /ð/  

*unvoiced sounds = there is no vibration.  /k/   /f/   /θ/  /p/   /s/  /t/    /ʃ/   /ʧ/  

 

-Past Simple -ed ending.-

The past simple -ed ending has three pronunciations : /id/, /t/ and /d/

• /id/ after the sounds /t/ and /d/                                                                                      Examples : end, decide, start, visit
• /t/ after unvoiced sounds except /t/                                                                      Examples : dance, finish, laugh, like, talk, watch
• /d/ after voiced sounds except /d/                                                                       Examples : clean, close, enjoy, live, open, rob, show